A Population Census is a systematic process of collecting, analyzing, and interpreting data about the people living in a specific area, usually a country. It aims to gather information on various aspects such as age, gender, occupation, and housing conditions. This data helps governments and organizations make informed decisions regarding resource allocation, public services, and policy development. Censuses are typically conducted every ten years, although some countries may have more frequent surveys. The information collected during a census is crucial for understanding demographic trends and planning for future needs, such as education, healthcare, and infrastructure development.