Popular Unity is a political coalition in Chile that emerged in the early 1970s. It was formed to support the presidency of Salvador Allende, the first Marxist to be elected president in a democratic election in Latin America. The coalition included various leftist parties, such as the Socialist Party and the Communist Party, aiming to implement social reforms and nationalize key industries. The Popular Unity government focused on reducing inequality and improving social welfare. However, it faced significant opposition from conservative groups and economic challenges. This tension culminated in a military coup in 1973, leading to the overthrow of Allende and the establishment of a military dictatorship under Augusto Pinochet.