Salvador Allende was a Chilean physician and politician who became the first Marxist to be elected president in a country with a liberal democracy. He served as president from 1970 until 1973, advocating for social reforms and nationalization of industries, including copper, which was vital to the Chilean economy. His government aimed to reduce inequality and improve living standards for the poor. Allende's presidency faced significant opposition from various sectors, including the military and business groups. On September 11, 1973, his government was overthrown in a military coup led by General Augusto Pinochet. Allende died during the coup, and his death marked the beginning of a long period of military dictatorship in Chile.