Pope Paul IV, born Giovanni Pietro Carafa in 1476, served as the 223rd pope from 1555 until his death in 1559. He was known for his strict enforcement of Catholic doctrine and his opposition to the Protestant Reformation. His papacy was marked by the establishment of the Roman Inquisition, which aimed to combat heresy and maintain the purity of the faith. During his reign, Pope Paul IV also implemented the Ghetto in Rome, which confined the Jewish population to a specific area. His policies and actions had a lasting impact on the Catholic Church and its relationship with other religious communities.