Polymyxins are a group of antibiotics primarily used to treat infections caused by Gram-negative bacteria. They work by disrupting the bacterial cell membrane, leading to cell death. The most commonly used polymyxins are Polymyxin B and Colistin, which are often reserved for multidrug-resistant infections due to their potential toxicity. These antibiotics are typically administered intravenously or through inhalation, depending on the type of infection. While effective, polymyxins can cause side effects, including kidney damage and neurotoxicity, making careful monitoring essential during treatment. Their use has increased in recent years due to rising antibiotic resistance.