Polygala is a genus of flowering plants in the family Polygalaceae, commonly known as milkworts. This diverse group includes over 500 species, found in various habitats worldwide, particularly in temperate and tropical regions. The plants are characterized by their unique flowers, which often resemble butterflies, and their leaves, which can be simple or compound. Many species of Polygala are used in traditional medicine and have been studied for their potential health benefits. Some are known for their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Additionally, certain species are cultivated for ornamental purposes due to their attractive blooms.