Polyene antifungals are a class of medications used to treat fungal infections. They work by binding to ergosterol, a key component of fungal cell membranes, leading to cell death. Common examples include amphotericin B and nystatin, which are effective against a variety of fungi. These antifungals are often used in serious infections, particularly in immunocompromised patients. While effective, they can have side effects, such as kidney toxicity and infusion reactions. Therefore, their use is typically reserved for severe cases or when other antifungal treatments are not suitable.