The political history of Ghana began with its independence from British colonial rule on March 6, 1957, making it the first sub-Saharan African country to gain independence. Kwame Nkrumah, the first Prime Minister and later President, played a significant role in shaping the nation’s early political landscape, promoting pan-Africanism and economic development. Following a series of military coups and political instability, Ghana transitioned to a multi-party democracy in the 1990s. The Fourth Republic, established in 1992, has seen peaceful transfers of power between political parties, notably the National Democratic Congress and the New Patriotic Party, contributing to a more stable political environment.