The history of police dates back to ancient civilizations, where community members were responsible for maintaining order. In ancient Mesopotamia, for example, the Code of Hammurabi established laws and appointed officials to enforce them. Over time, formal policing began to emerge, particularly in Europe during the Middle Ages, with watchmen and constables tasked with protecting towns. In the 19th century, modern police forces were established, notably with the creation of the London Metropolitan Police in 1829 by Sir Robert Peel. This model influenced policing worldwide, emphasizing crime prevention and community service. Today, police forces continue to evolve, adapting to new challenges and technologies.