A point cloud is a collection of data points in a three-dimensional space, typically produced by 3D scanning technologies like LiDAR or photogrammetry. Each point in the cloud represents a specific location in space and is defined by its coordinates (X, Y, Z). Point clouds are often used in various fields, including architecture, engineering, and geographic information systems (GIS). These data sets can be processed to create detailed 3D models or visualizations of objects and environments. Point clouds help in analyzing shapes, sizes, and spatial relationships, making them valuable for tasks such as terrain modeling and object recognition.