Pleural effusions are the accumulation of excess fluid in the pleural space, the area between the lungs and the chest wall. This condition can occur due to various reasons, including infections, heart failure, or malignancies. The fluid can restrict lung expansion, leading to symptoms such as shortness of breath, chest pain, and cough. Diagnosis typically involves imaging tests like chest X-rays or ultrasound, which help visualize the fluid. Treatment options may include thoracentesis, a procedure to remove the fluid, or addressing the underlying cause. Managing pleural effusions is essential for improving respiratory function and overall health.