Plant nutrition refers to the process by which plants absorb essential nutrients from the soil to support their growth and development. These nutrients include macronutrients like nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, as well as micronutrients such as iron and zinc. Plants take up these nutrients through their roots, which are often aided by beneficial microorganisms in the soil. The nutrients are vital for various plant functions, including photosynthesis, energy transfer, and the synthesis of proteins and enzymes. Proper plant nutrition ensures healthy growth, enhances resistance to diseases, and improves crop yields, making it crucial for agriculture and ecosystem sustainability.