Plant galls are abnormal growths that form on plants in response to various stimuli, often caused by insects, fungi, or bacteria. These growths can appear as lumps, swellings, or other unusual shapes on leaves, stems, or roots. The gall serves as a protective environment for the organism that caused it, providing nutrients and shelter. Different types of organisms can induce galls, including gall wasps, aphids, and fungi. Each type of gall has a unique appearance and can affect different plant species. While galls may seem harmful, they often do not significantly damage the host plant and can even support diverse ecosystems.