A planning appeal is a formal request made to challenge a decision made by a local planning authority regarding a planning application. If a developer or property owner receives a refusal for their application, they can appeal the decision to a higher authority, often a Planning Inspectorate in the UK. This process allows for a review of the decision based on planning policies and regulations. During a planning appeal, both the applicant and the local authority present their cases, which may include evidence and expert opinions. The appeal can be decided through written representations, hearings, or public inquiries, ultimately leading to a final decision that can either uphold or overturn the original ruling.