A pituitary adenoma is a usually benign tumor that develops in the pituitary gland, a small gland located at the base of the brain. This gland plays a crucial role in regulating various hormones that control important bodily functions, including growth, metabolism, and reproduction. While most pituitary adenomas are noncancerous, they can still cause health issues by affecting hormone levels or pressing on nearby structures. Symptoms of a pituitary adenoma can vary depending on the type of hormone it produces or its size. Common symptoms include headaches, vision problems, and hormonal imbalances, which may lead to conditions like Cushing's disease or acromegaly. Diagnosis typically involves imaging tests, such as an MRI, and treatment options may include medication, surgery, or radiation therapy.