Pinctada is a genus of saltwater clams, commonly known as pearl oysters. These mollusks are found in warm, shallow waters across the world's oceans, particularly in the Indian Ocean and Pacific Ocean. They are notable for their ability to produce pearls, which form when an irritant enters their shell. The shells of Pinctada species are often used in jewelry and decorative items due to their beautiful luster. There are several species within this genus, including Pinctada margaritifera, which is known for producing black pearls, and Pinctada fucata, famous for its role in the cultured pearl industry.