A pile foundation is a type of deep foundation used to support structures by transferring their load to deeper, more stable soil or rock layers. Piles are long, slender columns made of materials like concrete, steel, or wood, driven or drilled into the ground. This method is particularly useful in areas with weak or unstable surface soils, where traditional shallow foundations may not provide adequate support. There are two main types of piles: end-bearing piles, which transfer loads directly to the underlying bedrock, and friction piles, which rely on friction between the pile surface and surrounding soil. Pile foundations are commonly used in the construction of buildings, bridges, and other heavy structures, ensuring stability and safety in various soil conditions.