Picornavirus is a family of small, single-stranded RNA viruses that can infect humans and animals. They are known for causing various diseases, including the common cold, hand, foot, and mouth disease, and viral meningitis. The name "picornavirus" comes from "pico," meaning small, and "rna," referring to their genetic material. These viruses are typically transmitted through direct contact, respiratory droplets, or contaminated food and water. Enterovirus, rhinovirus, and coxsackievirus are some notable members of the picornavirus family. Most infections are mild, but some can lead to more severe health issues, particularly in vulnerable populations.