A physical examination is a systematic process where a healthcare provider assesses a patient's body to check for signs of disease or health issues. This examination typically includes measuring vital signs such as blood pressure, heart rate, and temperature, as well as inspecting various body systems like the respiratory and nervous systems. During the examination, the provider may use tools like a stethoscope to listen to the heart and lungs, and a reflex hammer to test reflexes. The findings help in diagnosing conditions, monitoring health, and guiding treatment decisions.