Philosophical schools are groups of thinkers who share similar ideas and beliefs about fundamental questions of existence, knowledge, and ethics. These schools often arise in specific historical contexts and can influence how people understand the world. For example, the Stoics emphasized self-control and rationality, while the Epicureans focused on the pursuit of pleasure and avoidance of pain. Different philosophical schools can lead to various approaches to life and decision-making. The Existentialists explore individual freedom and the meaning of life, while the Utilitarians advocate for actions that maximize overall happiness. Each school offers unique insights that can help us navigate complex moral and existential dilemmas.