Philipp I of Hesse, also known as Philipp the Magnanimous, was a German nobleman born in 1504. He became the Landgrave of Hesse in 1509 and was a significant figure during the Protestant Reformation. Philipp was known for his support of the Lutheran movement and played a crucial role in the formation of the Schmalkaldic League, an alliance of Protestant territories. He was also notable for his political and military strategies, which helped to strengthen his territory. Philipp I ruled until his death in 1567, leaving a legacy of religious and political influence in Germany. His reign marked a period of significant change in the region.