Philip II of Macedon was a king of the ancient kingdom of Macedonia from 359 to 336 BC. He is known for unifying the fragmented city-states of Greece under his rule, using both military strength and diplomatic marriages. His reign marked the rise of Macedonia as a powerful state in the region. Philip II was the father of Alexander the Great, one of history's most famous conquerors. He reformed the Macedonian army, introducing new tactics and formations that made it highly effective in battle. His legacy laid the groundwork for the expansion of the Macedonian Empire under Alexander.