Phacoemulsification is a modern surgical technique used to treat cataracts, which are cloudy areas in the lens of the eye. During the procedure, a small incision is made in the eye, and an ultrasonic device is inserted. This device breaks up the cloudy lens into tiny pieces, which are then gently suctioned out. After removing the cataract, an artificial lens, known as an intraocular lens (IOL), is usually implanted to restore clear vision. This minimally invasive procedure typically results in quicker recovery times and less discomfort compared to traditional cataract surgery methods.