Petroleum exploration is the process of searching for oil and natural gas deposits beneath the Earth's surface. This involves geological surveys, seismic studies, and drilling exploratory wells to assess the presence and quantity of hydrocarbons. Geologists and geophysicists analyze rock formations and other geological features to identify potential drilling sites. Once a promising site is found, companies conduct further tests to evaluate the viability of extracting petroleum. Successful exploration can lead to the development of oil fields, which are crucial for meeting global energy demands and supporting various industries.