Pest species are organisms that negatively impact human activities, agriculture, or ecosystems. They can include insects, weeds, rodents, and other animals that cause damage to crops, spread diseases, or compete with native species. Common examples of pest species are cockroaches, rats, and dandelions. These species often thrive in environments altered by human activity, making them more prevalent in urban and agricultural areas. Effective management strategies, such as integrated pest management (IPM), aim to control pest populations while minimizing harm to beneficial organisms and the environment.