"Permanent Revolution" is a political theory primarily associated with Leon Trotsky, a key figure in the Russian Revolution. It argues that in countries with underdeveloped economies, a successful socialist revolution cannot be confined to one nation. Instead, it must be part of a continuous process that encourages international revolutions to support and sustain socialism. Trotsky believed that the success of socialism in one country would be threatened without the spread of revolution to more advanced capitalist nations. This idea was a response to the challenges faced by the Soviet Union and aimed to inspire global solidarity among the working class.