Peripheral Vascular Diseases (PVD) refer to a group of disorders that affect the blood vessels outside the heart and brain. These conditions often involve narrowed or blocked arteries, which can reduce blood flow to the limbs, particularly the legs. Common symptoms include pain, cramping, and weakness in the affected areas, especially during physical activities. The most common cause of PVD is atherosclerosis, where fatty deposits build up in the arteries. Risk factors include smoking, diabetes, high blood pressure, and high cholesterol. Early diagnosis and management are crucial to prevent complications, such as heart attack or stroke.