Peripheral proteins are a type of protein that are found on the surface of cell membranes. Unlike integral proteins, which are embedded within the membrane, peripheral proteins are loosely attached and can be easily removed. They play important roles in various cellular functions, including signaling, maintaining the cell's shape, and facilitating communication between cells. These proteins can interact with integral proteins or with the lipid bilayer of the membrane. They often serve as enzymes or as part of the cytoskeleton, which helps support the cell's structure. Peripheral proteins are essential for processes such as cell signaling and cell adhesion.