Integral proteins are a type of membrane protein that are embedded within the lipid bilayer of cell membranes. They play crucial roles in various cellular functions, including transport, communication, and maintaining the structure of the cell. These proteins can span the entire membrane or be partially embedded, allowing them to interact with both the internal and external environments of the cell. Due to their position in the membrane, integral proteins often function as channels or carriers for molecules, facilitating the movement of substances like ions and nutrients. They are essential for processes such as cell signaling and cell adhesion, contributing to the overall functionality and integrity of cells in living organisms.