Peripheral Component Interconnect Express, commonly known as PCIe, is a high-speed interface standard used to connect various hardware components in a computer. It allows devices like graphics cards, solid-state drives, and network cards to communicate with the motherboard efficiently. PCIe offers multiple lanes for data transfer, which enhances performance compared to older standards. The architecture of PCIe is based on a point-to-point connection, meaning each device has a direct link to the motherboard. This design reduces bottlenecks and improves overall system performance. PCIe has evolved over time, with newer versions providing faster data rates and increased bandwidth for modern computing needs.