PCIe, or Peripheral Component Interconnect Express, is a high-speed interface standard used to connect various hardware components in a computer. It allows devices like graphics cards, solid-state drives, and network cards to communicate with the motherboard efficiently. PCIe offers multiple lanes for data transfer, which enhances performance compared to older standards. The architecture of PCIe is based on a point-to-point connection, meaning each device has a dedicated link to the motherboard. This design reduces bottlenecks and improves overall system performance. PCIe is widely used in modern computers and is essential for tasks requiring high data throughput, such as gaming and data processing.