Pericardial diseases refer to conditions affecting the pericardium, the double-walled sac surrounding the heart. These diseases can include pericarditis, an inflammation of the pericardium, and pericardial effusion, which is the accumulation of fluid in the pericardial space. Symptoms may include chest pain, difficulty breathing, and a feeling of fullness in the chest. Diagnosis typically involves imaging tests like echocardiograms or CT scans to assess the pericardium's condition. Treatment options vary based on the specific disease and may include medications, drainage of excess fluid, or surgery in severe cases. Early detection is crucial for effective management.