The People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan (PDPA) was a political party established in 1965. It aimed to promote socialist principles and was influenced by Marxist-Leninist ideology. The party gained power in 1978 after a coup known as the Saur Revolution, which led to significant political and social changes in Afghanistan. Under the PDPA, the government implemented various reforms, including land redistribution and women's rights initiatives. However, these changes faced resistance, leading to a decade-long conflict known as the Soviet-Afghan War. The PDPA's rule ended in 1992, following the withdrawal of Soviet forces and the rise of various mujahideen factions.