A pen name, also known as a pseudonym, is a fictitious name used by an author instead of their real name. Writers often choose pen names for various reasons, such as maintaining privacy, creating a distinct identity, or separating different genres of their work. Famous authors like Mark Twain and George Orwell used pen names to craft their public personas. Using a pen name can also help authors avoid bias or preconceived notions based on their real names. For instance, a female author might choose a male pen name to appeal to a broader audience. Overall, pen names serve as a tool for creative expression and personal branding in the literary world.