A peanut allergy is an immune system reaction that occurs when the body mistakenly identifies proteins in peanuts as harmful. This can lead to symptoms ranging from mild hives and stomach discomfort to severe reactions like anaphylaxis, which can be life-threatening. People with this allergy must avoid peanuts and peanut products entirely. Diagnosis typically involves a medical history review and allergy testing. Treatment focuses on avoiding peanuts and carrying an epinephrine auto-injector for emergencies. Awareness and education about peanut allergies are crucial for preventing accidental exposure and ensuring safety for those affected.