Payments for Ecosystem Services (PES) are financial incentives provided to landowners or resource managers for managing their land in ways that protect and enhance ecosystem services. These services include clean water, biodiversity, and carbon sequestration, which benefit society as a whole. By compensating individuals or communities for their conservation efforts, PES aims to promote sustainable land use and environmental stewardship. PES programs can take various forms, such as direct payments, tax breaks, or market-based approaches like carbon credits. They often involve collaboration between governments, non-governmental organizations, and private sectors to ensure that ecosystems are preserved while supporting local economies and livelihoods.