Paving materials are substances used to create durable surfaces for roads, driveways, sidewalks, and other pathways. Common types include asphalt, concrete, and brick. Each material has unique properties, such as flexibility in the case of asphalt and strength in concrete, making them suitable for different applications. In addition to these traditional materials, alternatives like permeable pavers and recycled rubber are gaining popularity for their environmental benefits. Permeable pavers allow water to drain through, reducing runoff, while recycled rubber provides a softer surface that can enhance safety in playgrounds and sports facilities.