Pathological examination is a medical process that involves the study of tissues, cells, and organs to diagnose diseases. This examination is typically performed by a pathologist, who analyzes samples obtained through biopsies or surgeries. The goal is to identify abnormalities that may indicate conditions such as cancer, infections, or inflammatory diseases. During the examination, the pathologist uses various techniques, including microscopy and staining, to observe the structure and function of the samples. The findings are then documented in a report, which helps guide treatment decisions and provides essential information for patient care.