Path Compression is an optimization technique used in data structures, particularly in the Union-Find or Disjoint Set data structure. It helps to flatten the structure of the tree whenever a find operation is performed, making future queries faster. When you find the root of a set, all nodes along the path are directly connected to the root, reducing the overall height of the tree. This technique significantly improves the efficiency of union and find operations. By minimizing the distance between nodes and their roots, Path Compression ensures that the time complexity for these operations approaches nearly constant time, specifically O(α(n)), where α is the inverse Ackermann function.