Parvez Musharraf is a retired four-star general of the Pakistan Army who served as the 9th President of Pakistan from 2001 to 2008. He came to power in a military coup in 1999, overthrowing the elected government of Nawaz Sharif. During his presidency, Musharraf was known for his efforts to modernize the economy and his role in the U.S.-led war on terror. Musharraf's rule was marked by political controversy and challenges, including opposition from various political parties and civil society. After stepping down in 2008, he faced legal issues and was charged with high treason in 2013 for his actions during his presidency.