Papilledema is the swelling of the optic nerve head, which can occur when there is increased pressure within the skull. This condition is often a sign of serious underlying issues, such as brain tumors, intracranial hemorrhage, or pseudotumor cerebri. Symptoms may include blurred vision, headaches, and temporary vision loss. Diagnosis typically involves a comprehensive eye examination, including an assessment of the optic nerve and visual field tests. Treatment focuses on addressing the underlying cause of the increased pressure, which may involve medications, surgery, or other interventions to prevent further complications and preserve vision.