Papillae are small, nipple-like structures found on the surface of the tongue and other parts of the body. They play a crucial role in the sense of taste by housing taste buds, which detect different flavors. There are several types of papillae, including fungiform, foliate, and circumvallate, each serving specific functions in taste perception. In addition to their role in taste, papillae also contribute to the texture of the tongue and help in the mechanical processing of food. They can be found in various shapes and sizes, depending on their location and function, and are essential for both taste and oral health.