Panes are flat, thin sheets of material, commonly made of glass, used in windows and doors. They allow light to enter while providing a barrier against the elements. Panes can vary in size and thickness, depending on their intended use, and may be single or double-glazed for better insulation. In architecture, panes are essential for creating transparent surfaces in buildings. They can be framed in wood, metal, or plastic, and are often treated for safety and energy efficiency. The design and arrangement of panes can significantly influence the aesthetic appeal of structures, contributing to styles like modernism or Victorian architecture.