Panchayati Raj institutions are a system of local self-government in rural areas of India. Established in 1959, they aim to promote grassroots democracy and empower villagers to participate in decision-making. The system consists of three tiers: the Gram Panchayat at the village level, the Panchayat Samiti at the block level, and the Zila Parishad at the district level. These institutions are responsible for various local functions, including the implementation of development programs, maintenance of public infrastructure, and management of local resources. They play a crucial role in ensuring that the needs and voices of rural communities are addressed effectively.