The Paleolithic era, also known as the Old Stone Age, is the earliest period of human history, lasting from about 2.6 million years ago to around 10,000 BCE. During this time, early humans, known as hominins, primarily relied on hunting and gathering for survival. They used simple stone tools and lived in small, nomadic groups, moving frequently to find food. The Paleolithic is characterized by the development of early art, such as cave paintings and carvings, which provide insight into the lives and beliefs of these ancient people. This era laid the foundation for later advancements in human culture and technology, leading to the subsequent Neolithic period.