The Padma Vibhushan is the second-highest civilian award in India, established in 1954. It is awarded to individuals for exceptional and distinguished service in various fields, including art, literature, science, and public service. The award recognizes contributions that have had a significant impact on society and the nation. Recipients of the Padma Vibhushan are selected by the Government of India, and the award is presented annually on Republic Day. Notable awardees include prominent figures such as Satyajit Ray in cinema and Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam in science. The award symbolizes national appreciation for outstanding achievements.