PML-RARA is a fusion gene formed by the joining of the promyelocytic leukemia (PML) gene and the retinoic acid receptor alpha (RARA) gene. This genetic alteration is commonly associated with a type of cancer known as acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), which is characterized by the accumulation of immature white blood cells in the bone marrow. The presence of the PML-RARA fusion protein disrupts normal blood cell development and leads to the symptoms of APL. Treatment often involves the use of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and chemotherapy, which can effectively target the effects of this fusion gene and improve patient outcomes.