PID control is a widely used feedback control loop mechanism that helps maintain a desired output in various systems. The acronym stands for Proportional, Integral, and Derivative, which are the three components that work together to adjust the control input based on the difference between the desired setpoint and the actual output. The Proportional component responds to the current error, the Integral component addresses past errors by accumulating them over time, and the Derivative component predicts future errors based on the rate of change. Together, these components enable precise control in applications like temperature regulation, motor speed control, and robotic systems.