The Oxus River, also known as the Amu Darya, is one of the longest rivers in Central Asia, flowing approximately 2,540 kilometers. It originates in the Pamirs mountain range and travels through countries like Tajikistan, Afghanistan, and Uzbekistan before emptying into the Aral Sea. The river is vital for irrigation and supports agriculture in the arid regions it traverses. Historically, the Oxus River has been significant for trade and cultural exchange, forming part of the ancient Silk Road. It has also been a crucial water source for various civilizations, influencing the development of cities and settlements along its banks.