The overthrow of the Hawaiian Kingdom occurred in 1893 when a group of American and European businessmen, supported by the U.S. government, staged a coup against Queen Liliʻuokalani. The queen sought to restore the monarchy's power and reduce foreign influence, which alarmed the business community that benefited from the existing political structure. Following the coup, a provisional government was established, leading to the eventual annexation of Hawaii by the United States in 1898. This event marked the end of the Hawaiian Kingdom and significantly altered the islands' political and cultural landscape, impacting the native Hawaiian population.